This report analyses 122 different studies, along with Fairtrade’s own programme and monitoring data and focus groups with staff, to connect Fairtrade's interventions and activities to documented results. Fairtrade International commissioned external researchers David Jodrell and Willemijn de Bruin to conduct the analysis against the 19 outcome and impact areas of Fairtrade’s theory of change. The researchers also reviewed the evidence for five specific pathways to change, checking the assumptions linking progress from activities, to intermediate and longer-term outcomes, to impact.